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| * Email sender guidelines FAQ | | |
| | | |
| # Email sender guidelines FAQ | | |
| | | |
| This FAQ provides the latest updates about our Email sender guide | | |
| lines | | |
| (previously called _Bulk sender guidelines)_ , which describe Go | | |
| ogle's | | |
| requirements for sending email to personal Gmail accounts. | | |
| | | |
| We update this FAQ periodically, so check back regularly to get t | | |
| he latest | | |
| information and requirements for bulk email senders. | | |
| | | |
| To help email senders meet the requirements in our Email sender g | | |
| uidelines, | | |
| we've added a new Compliance status dashboard to Postmaster Tools | | |
| . | | |
| | | |
| Expand all | Collapse all | | |
| | | |
| ## Bulk senders | | |
| | | |
| What is a bulk sender? | | |
| | | |
| A _bulk sender_ is any email sender that sends close to 5,000 mes | | |
| sages or more | | |
| to personal Gmail accounts within a 24-hour period. Messages sent | | |
| from the | | |
| same primary domain count toward the 5,000 limit. | | |
| | | |
| **Sending domains:** When we calculate the 5,000-message limit, w | | |
| e count all | | |
| messages sent from the same primary domain. For example, every da | | |
| y you send | | |
| 2,500 messages from solarmora.com and 2,500 messages from | | |
| promotions.solarmora.com to personal Gmail accounts. You’re consi | | |
| dered a bulk | | |
| sender because all 5,000 messages were sent from the same primary | | |
| domain: | | |
| solarmora.com. Learn about domain name basics. | | |
| | | |
| Senders who meet the above criteria at least once are permanently | | |
| considered | | |
| bulk senders. | | |
| | | |
| Does bulk sender status expire? Can I change my sending practices | | |
| to remove my | | |
| bulk sender status? | | |
| | | |
| Bulk sender status doesn’t have an expiration date. Email senders | | |
| that have | | |
| been classified as bulk senders are permanently classified as suc | | |
| h. Changes in | | |
| email sending practices will not affect permanent bulk sender sta | | |
| tus once it’s | | |
| assigned. | | |
| | | |
| How can bulk senders make sure they’re meeting the sender guideli | | |
| nes? | | |
| | | |
| Bulk senders should use Postmaster Tools to check that their emai | | |
| l practices | | |
| are following our Email sender guidelines. To learn more, visit o | | |
| ur Email | | |
| sender requirements & Postmaster Tools FAQ. | | |
| | | |
| ## Google Workspace accounts | | |
| | | |
| Do the sender guidelines apply to messages sent to Google Workspa | | |
| ce accounts? | | |
| | | |
| The Email sender guidelines don’t apply to messages sent to Googl | | |
| e Workspace | | |
| accounts. Sender requirements and Google enforcement apply only w | | |
| hen sending | | |
| email to personal Gmail accounts. | | |
| | | |
| Do the sender guidelines apply to messages sent from Google Works | | |
| pace | | |
| accounts? | | |
| | | |
| All senders, including Google Workspace users, must meet the requ | | |
| irements in | | |
| our Email sender guidelines when sending messages to personal Gma | | |
| il accounts. | | |
| The requirements don’t apply to Google Workspace inbound and intr | | |
| a-domain | | |
| messages. | | |
| | | |
| ## Sender guidelines enforcement | | |
| | | |
| What is the timeline for enforcement of sender guidelines? | | |
| | | |
| Enforcement for bulk senders that don’t meet our Email sender gui | | |
| delines will | | |
| be gradual and progressive. | | |
| | | |
| **Bulk senders who don’t meet our sender requirements will start | | |
| getting | | |
| temporary errors with error codes on a small portion of messages | | |
| that don’t | | |
| meet the requirements**. These temporary errors help senders iden | | |
| tify email | | |
| that doesn’t meet our guidelines so senders can resolve issues th | | |
| at prevent | | |
| compliance. Email systems will typically attempt to retry sending | | |
| messages | | |
| that get temporary errors, after a short delay. | | |
| | | |
| Senders are encouraged to check their email compliance status usi | | |
| ng | | |
| _Postmaster Tools_. | | |
| | | |
| The table below describes the enforcement timeline and will be up | | |
| dated as | | |
| needed: | | |
| | | |
| Sender requirement | Enforcement | | |
| ---|--- | | |
| | | |
| SPF and DKIM authentication | | |
| | | |
| Gmail From: header impersonation | | |
| | | |
| From: header alignment | | |
| | | |
| Valid forward and reverse DNS records | | |
| | | |
| Messages formatted according RFC 5322 | | |
| | | |
| Messages sent using TLS | | |
| | | |
| | | | |
| | | |
| Temporary failures with error codes | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
t | Starting in April 2024, we’ll begin rejecting non-compliant traff | t | |
| ic. Rejection | | |
| will be gradual and will impact non-compliant traffic only. We st | | |
| rongly | | |
| recommend senders use the temporary failure enforcement period to | | |
| make any | | |
| changes required to become compliant. | | |
| | | |
| Enforcement for these requirements will begin no earlier than Jun | | |
| e 2024: | | |
| | | |
| * DMARC record with a minimum policy of none (p=none). Learn mo | | |
| re about DMARC record values. | | |
| * One-click unsubscribe in marketing messages | | |
| * Mitigations unavailable when user-reported spam rates exceed | | |
| 0.3% or if the sender has not met the authentication or one-click | | |
| unsubscribe requirements. | | |
| | | |
| What is the timeline for enforcement on new domains? | | |
| | | |
| A new domain is defined as any domain that hasn’t sent more than | | |
| 5,000 emails | | |
| a day to personal Gmail accounts since January 1, 2024. | | |
| | | |
| While all bulk sending domains must comply with the requirements, | | |
| the | | |
| enforcement progression for new domains will be on an accelerated | | |
| timetable. | | |
| | | |
| Who does Gmail From: header spoofing enforcement apply to? | | |
| | | |
| Gmail From: header impersonation is when a sender sends a message | | |
| with a | | |
| @gmail address in the From: header but the message wasn’t sent fr | | |
| om a Gmail | | |
| server. This is a common form of email abuse by spammers and is r | | |
| eferred to as | | |
| _spoofing_. | | |
| | | |
| As described in the timeline above, bulk senders that spoof gmail | | |
| .com will | | |
| start getting notifications about temporary failures. | | |
| | | |
| What happens if senders don’t meet the requirements in the sender | | |
| guidelines? | | |
| | | |
| To ensure messages are delivered as expected, bulk senders should | | |
| comply with | | |
| our Email sender guidelines. If senders don’t meet these requirem | | |
| ents, | | |
| messages might be rejected or delivered to recipients’ spam folde | | |
| rs. | | |
| | | |
| If messages are rejected because they don’t meet the sender guide | | |
| lines, do you | | |
| send an error message or other alert? | | |
| | | |
| Yes, when messages are rejected, we send a rejection code and a r | | |
| eason for the | | |
| rejection. You can also see this information in Postmaster Tools. | | |
| | | |
| What error codes will you send? | | |
| | | |
| Temporary failure messages include error codes that indicate whic | | |
| h sender | | |
| requirement is causing the failure: | | |
| | | |
| **Error code** | **Description** | | |
| ---|--- | | |
| 4.7.23 | | | |
| | | |
| _ip-address_ The sending IP address for this message doesn’t hav | | |
| e a PTR | | |
| record, or the PTR record’s forward DNS entry doesn’t match the s | | |
| ending IP | | |
| address. To protect users from spam, your email has been temporar | | |
| ily rate | | |
| limited. | | |
| | | |
| To learn more about IP address requirements for sending to Gmail, | | |
| visit the IP | | |
| addresses section of our sender guidelines. To learn more about G | | |
| mail | | |
| requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email sender guideline | | |
| s. | | |
| | | |
| 4.7.27 | | | |
| | | |
| Your email has been rate limited because SPF authentication didn' | | |
| t pass for | | |
| this message. Gmail requires all bulk email senders to authentica | | |
| te their | | |
| email with SPF. Authentication results: SPF _domain-name_ with IP | | |
| address: | | |
| _ip-address_ = Did not pass. | | |
| | | |
| To set up SPF for your sending domains, visit Set up SPF. To lear | | |
| n more about | | |
| Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email sender gui | | |
| delines. | | |
| | | |
| 4.7.29 | | | |
| | | |
| Your email has been rate limited because this message wasn’t sent | | |
| over a TLS | | |
| connection. Gmail requires all bulk email senders to use TLS/SSL | | |
| for SMTP | | |
| connections. | | |
| | | |
| To set up TLS for email, visit TLS & SSL connections. To learn mo | | |
| re about | | |
| Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email sender gui | | |
| delines. | | |
| | | |
| 4.7.30 | | | |
| | | |
| Your email has been rate limited because DKIM authentication didn | | |
| 't pass for | | |
| this message. Gmail requires all email bulk senders to authentica | | |
| te their | | |
| email with DKIM. Authentication results: DKIM = Did not pass. | | |
| | | |
| To set up DKIM for your sending domains, visit Set up DKIM. To le | | |
| arn more | | |
| about Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email send | | |
| er | | |
| guidelines. | | |
| | | |
| 4.7.31 | | | |
| | | |
| Your email has been rate limited because the sending domain doesn | | |
| ’t have a | | |
| DMARC record, or the DMARC record doesn’t specify a DMARC policy. | | |
| Gmail | | |
| requires all bulk email senders to add a DMARC record to their se | | |
| nding domain. | | |
| | | |
| See Set up DMARC. To learn more about Gmail requirements for bulk | | |
| email | | |
| senders, visit Email sender guidelines. | | |
| | | |
| 4.7.32 | | | |
| | | |
| Your email has been rate limited because the From: header (RFC532 | | |
| 2) in this | | |
| message isn’t aligned with either the authenticated SPF or DKIM o | | |
| rganizational | | |
| domain. | | |
| | | |
| See DMARC alignment. To learn more about Gmail requirements for b | | |
| ulk email | | |
| senders, visit Email sender guidelines. | | |
| | | |
| ## Spam rate | | |
| | | |
| What time range or duration is used when calculating spam rate? | | |
| | | |
| Spam rate is calculated daily. To help ensure messages are delive | | |
| red as | | |
| expected, senders should keep their spam rate below 0.1% and shou | | |
| ld prevent | | |
| spam rates from ever reaching 0.3% or higher, as described in our | | |
| Email sender | | |
| guidelines. | | |
| | | |
| What happens when sender spam rate exceeds the maximum spam rate | | |
| allowed by | | |
| the guidelines? | | |
| | | |
| To comply with the sender guidelines, keep your user-reported spa | | |
| m rate below | | |
| 0.1% and prevent it from reaching 0.3% or higher. | | |
| | | |
| The user-reported spam rate’s impact on delivery is graduated, an | | |
| d rates of | | |
| 0.3% or higher have an even greater negative impact on email inbo | | |
| x delivery. | | |
| Even today, user-reported spam rates greater than 0.1% have a neg | | |
| ative impact | | |
| on email inbox delivery for bulk senders. | | |
| | | |
| Beginning June 2024, bulk senders with a user-reported spam rate | | |
| greater than | | |
| 0.3% will be ineligible for mitigation. | | |
| | | |
| * Bulk senders remain ineligible for mitigation while user-repo | | |
| rted spam rate is greater than 0.3%. | | |
| * Spam rates and other data points are calculated and updated d | | |
| aily in Postmaster Tools. | | |
| * Bulk senders will be eligible for mitigation when their spam | | |
| rates remain below 0.3% for 7 consecutive days. | | |
| | | |
| You can monitor your spam rate with Postmaster Tools. | | |
| | | |
| ## Unsubscribe links | | |
| | | |
| Do all messages require one-click unsubscribe? | | |
| | | |
| No. One-click unsubscribe is required only for marketing and prom | | |
| otional | | |
| messages. Transactional messages are excluded from this requireme | | |
| nt. Some | | |
| examples of transactional messages are password reset messages, r | | |
| eservation | | |
| confirmations, and form submission confirmations. | | |
| | | |
| Senders that already include an unsubscribe link in their message | | |
| s have until | | |
| June 1, 2024 to implement one-click unsubscribe in all commercial | | |
| , promotional | | |
| messages. | | |
| | | |
| Why is the unsubscribe link not appearing at the top of my messag | | |
| es, even | | |
| after adding one-click unsubscribe headers? | | |
| | | |
| To protect Gmail users, unsubscribe buttons or links are displaye | | |
| d at the top | | |
| of messages (next to the sender name) only for messages that pass | | |
| Google’s | | |
| automated eligibility checks. Messages must comply with sender re | | |
| quirements | | |
| and implement correct one-click unsubscribe headers, as described | | |
| in our Email | | |
| sender guidelines, including increasing sending volumes gradually | | |
| and | | |
| monitoring recipients' spam reports. This is true even when sende | | |
| rs add their | | |
| own unsubscribe link to the message body. | | |
| | | |
| How is the distinction made between promotional and transactional | | |
| messages | | |
| | | |
| The distinction between promotional and transactional messages ca | | |
| n vary | | |
| depending on industry and applicable regulations. Message recipie | | |
| nts, not | | |
| Google, determine the nature of the messages they receive. To red | | |
| uce high spam | | |
| rates, consider giving users an easy way to unsubscribe from mark | | |
| eting and | | |
| promotional messages, and keep the user in mind when designing yo | | |
| ur emails. | | |
| | | |
| Why do you require one-click unsubscribe for marketing and promot | | |
| ional | | |
| messages? | | |
| | | |
| One-click unsubscribe lets people quickly and easily opt out of y | | |
| our marketing | | |
| or promotional messages. One-click unsubscribe also helps you mai | | |
| ntain a low | | |
| spam rate, which improves message delivery. High spam rates negat | | |
| ively affect | | |
| message delivery for any message type that you send. | | |
| | | |
| How do I implement a one-click unsubscribe that meets RFC 8058 re | | |
| quirements? | | |
| | | |
| To meet RFC 8058 requirements, add List-Unsubscribe headers to al | | |
| l outgoing | | |
| marketing and promotional messages, as described in our Email sen | | |
| der | | |
| guidelines. If you use a third-party email provider, check to see | | |
| if you have | | |
| the option to add these headers to your outgoing messages. | | |
| | | |
| List-Unsubscribe headers unsubscribe users directly by removing t | | |
| hem from the | | |
| mailing list. Other types of one-click unsubscribe, such as mailt | | |
| o and URL | | |
| unsubscribe links, don’t meet our one-click unsubscribe requireme | | |
| nt. | | |
| | | |
| What happens to messages that don’t meet the one-click subscribe | | |
| requirement | | |
| for promotional, marketing, and commercial messages? | | |
| | | |
| We don’t automatically reject messages or mark messages as spam w | | |
| hen they | | |
| don’t meet the one-click unsubscribe requirements in our Email se | | |
| nder | | |
| guidelines. | | |
| | | |
| However, unwanted messages that don’t use one-click unsubscribe a | | |
| re more | | |
| likely to be reported as spam by recipients. An increase in messa | | |
| ges marked as | | |
| spam increases the chances that future messages from the same sen | | |
| der are | | |
| delivered to spam. | | |
| | | |
| Additionally, only bulk senders that meet all the requirements in | | |
| our Email | | |
| sender guidelines, including one-click unsubscribe, are eligible | | |
| for | | |
| mitigation. | | |
| | | |
| If the List-unsubscribe: header is missing, do you check the mess | | |
| age body for | | |
| a one-click unsubscribe link? | | |
| | | |
| No. One-click unsubscribe should be implemented according to RFC | | |
| 8058, by | | |
| adding List Unsubscribe headers to outgoing promotional messages, | | |
| as described | | |
| in our Email sender guidelines. Including a mailto link in the bo | | |
| dy of your | | |
| messages doesn’t meet our one-click unsubscribe requirement. | | |
| | | |
| If I include an additional unsubscribe link in my message content | | |
| , does it | | |
| have to be a one-click unsubscribe link? | | |
| | | |
| No. If your messages include a one-click unsubscribe using List U | | |
| nsubscribe | | |
| headers, as described in our Email sender guidelines, additional | | |
| unsubscribe | | |
| links in the message body aren’t required to be one-click. Any ad | | |
| ditional | | |
| unsubscribe links in the message body can link to a preferences w | | |
| eb page that | | |
| you specify. | | |
| | | |
| When recipients use one-click unsubscribe, how long do I have to | | |
| remove them | | |
| from the mailing list? | | |
| | | |
| To reduce spam reports, protect your sending reputation, and keep | | |
| your email | | |
| lists healthy, we recommend that you fulfill unsubscribe requests | | |
| within 48 | | |
| hours, a reasonable timeline for removing recipients from a maili | | |
| ng list. | | |
| | | |
| Honoring unsubscribe requests from recipients is especially criti | | |
| cal if you | | |
| frequently send marketing messages. This results in improved emai | | |
| l delivery | | |
| and higher value for engaged people who want to get messages from | | |
| you. | | |
| | | |
| How can I prevent people from unsubscribing from all of my promot | | |
| ional | | |
| messages? | | |
| | | |
| One-click unsubscribe doesn’t automatically remove the recipient | | |
| from all | | |
| messages from the same sender. When you implement one-click unsub | | |
| scribe | | |
| according to RFC 8058, by using List Unsubscribe headers as descr | | |
| ibed in our | | |
| Email sender guidelines, the recipient can be removed only from t | | |
| he mailing | | |
| list associated with the message. One-click unsubscribe lets you | | |
| control which | | |
| mailing lists recipients are removed from. | | |
| | | |
| If you meet the one-click unsubscribe requirement, you can also i | | |
| nclude an | | |
| unsubscribe link in the message body that directs people to a mai | | |
| ling list | | |
| preferences page. Be aware that this type of link doesn’t comply | | |
| with RFC | | |
| 8058, and so using this type of link alone, without one-click uns | | |
| ubscribe | | |
| email headers, doesn’t meet the one-click unsubscribe requirement | | |
| as described | | |
| in our Email sender guidelines. | | |
| | | |
| If unsubscribe links are temporarily unavailable due to maintenan | | |
| ce or other | | |
| reasons, are messages flagged as spam? | | |
| | | |
| If your unsubscribe link isn’t working for an extended period of | | |
| time, your | | |
| messages won’t meet our one-click unsubscribe requirement. These | | |
| messages | | |
| won’t be marked as spam, but senders aren’t eligible for mitigati | | |
| on for email | | |
| delivery issues. | | |
| | | |
| Can I continue to use mailto links? | | |
| | | |
| We’ll continue to support mailto links but they don’t meet our on | | |
| e-click | | |
| unsubscribe requirement. To meet our one-click unsubscribe requir | | |
| ement, you | | |
| must use List-Unsubscribe email headers in all commercial, promot | | |
| ional | | |
| messages, as described in RFC 8058 and in our Email sender guidel | | |
| ines, and | | |
| include one HTTPS URL in the List-unsubscribe: header. | | |
| | | |
| Can a one-click unsubscribe link to a landing or preferences page | | |
| ? | | |
| | | |
| Senders should follow the specifications for one-click unsubscrib | | |
| e that are | | |
| defined in RFC 8058, and add List Unsubscribe headers to all outg | | |
| oing | | |
| promotional messages, as described in our Email sender guidelines | | |
| . | | |
| | | |
| Email admins should use RFC 8058 as the reference for implementin | | |
| g one-click | | |
| unsubscribe. One-click unsubscribe links that link to a landing o | | |
| r other type | | |
| of web page don’t comply with RFC 8058. | | |
| | | |
| ## Email authentication | | |
| | | |
| What is the DMARC alignment requirement for bulk senders? | | |
| | | |
| For messages sent directly to personal Gmail accounts, the organi | | |
| zational | | |
| domain in the sender From: header must be aligned with either the | | |
| SPF | | |
| organizational domain or the DKIM organizational domain. Although | | |
| we require | | |
| bulk senders to set up both SPF and DKIM authentication, only one | | |
| of these | | |
| needs to be aligned to meet the sender alignment requirements. | | |
| | | |
| DMARC alignment isn’t required for forwarded or mailing list mess | | |
| ages | | |
| (sometimes referred to as _indirect messages_ ), however we requi | | |
| re that these | | |
| types of messages have ARC headers. Learn more about ARC authenti | | |
| cation and | | |
| headers. | | |
| | | |
| To ensure reliable authentication, we recommend all senders fully | | |
| align DMARC | | |
| to both SPF and DKIM. It’s likely that DMARC alignment with both | | |
| SPF and DKIM | | |
| will eventually be a sender requirement. Learn more about DMARC a | | |
| lignment. | | |
| | | |
| If messages fail DMARC authentication, can they be delivered usin | | |
| g IP allow | | |
| lists or spam bypass lists? Or will these messages be quarantined | | |
| ? | | |
| | | |
| If messages fail DMARC because of authentication or alignment iss | | |
| ues, the | | |
| enforcement defined in the sending domain’s DMARC policy generall | | |
| y applies. If | | |
| the sending domain doesn’t have a DMARC policy, the messages migh | | |
| t be rejected | | |
| or sent to spam. Failing DMARC authentication is one of several f | | |
| actors that | | |
| determine whether messages are rejected, sent to spam, or deliver | | |
| ed as | | |
| expected. DMARC authentication is an important determining factor | | |
| , and so | | |
| these messages are typically handled based on the enforcement set | | |
| ting in the | | |
| sending domain’s DMARC policy. | | |
| | | |
| Learn more about DMARC policies and enforcement options. | | |
| | | |
| ## Support & escalation | | |
| | | |
| Can bulk senders get technical support for email delivery issues? | | |
| | | |
| Bulk senders that meet all requirements described in our Email se | | |
| nder | | |
| guidelinescan submit an escalation for email delivery issues. Bef | | |
| ore | | |
| contacting tech support, make sure you’re following all sender gu | | |
| idelines. | | |
| Starting in February 2024, we won’t provide mitigation for email | | |
| delivery | | |
| issues to senders that don’t meet the guidelines. For details abo | | |
| ut mitigation | | |
| requests, visit the Sender contact form. | | |
| | | |
| How do you process mitigation requests? | | |
| | | |
| Only bulk senders that meet all the requirements in our Email sen | | |
| der | | |
| guidelines, including authentication requirements, user-reported | | |
| spam-rate | | |
| requirements, and one-click unsubscribe for relevant traffic, are | | |
| eligible for | | |
| mitigation. | | |
| | | |
| ## Related topics | | |
| | | |
| Email sender guidelines | | |
| | | |
| ## Was this helpful? | | |
| | | |
| How can we improve it? | | |
| | | |
| YesNo | | |
| | | |
| Submit | | |
| | | |
| ## Need more help? | | |
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| ## Bulk email sending guidelines & tools | | |
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| * 1 of 8 | | |
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| Email sender guidelines | | |
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| * 2 of 8 | | |
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| Email sender guidelines FAQ | | |
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| * 3 of 8 | | |
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| Top 10 Gmail sender issues | | |
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| * 4 of 8 | | |
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| Email subscription guidelines for senders | | |
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| * 5 of 8 | | |
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| Feedback Loop | | |
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| * 6 of 8 | | |
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| Control unauthenticated mail from your domain | | |
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| * 7 of 8 | | |
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| Monitor outgoing email with Postmaster Tools | | |
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| * 8 of 8 | | |
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| Gmail SMTP errors and codes | | |
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