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| | | * Bulk email sending guidelines & tools |
| | | * Email sender guidelines FAQ |
| | | |
| | | # Email sender guidelines FAQ |
| | | |
| | | This FAQ provides the latest updates about our Email sender guide |
| | | lines |
| | | (previously called _Bulk sender guidelines)_ , which describe Go |
| | | ogle's |
| | | requirements for sending email to personal Gmail accounts. |
| | | |
| | | We update this FAQ periodically, so check back regularly to get t |
| | | he latest |
| | | information and requirements for bulk email senders. |
| | | |
| | | To help email senders meet the requirements in our Email sender g |
| | | uidelines, |
| | | we've added a new Compliance status dashboard to Postmaster Tools |
| | | . |
| | | |
| | | Expand all | Collapse all |
| | | |
| | | ## Bulk senders |
| | | |
| | | What is a bulk sender? |
| | | |
| | | A _bulk sender_ is any email sender that sends close to 5,000 mes |
| | | sages or more |
| | | to personal Gmail accounts within a 24-hour period. Messages sent |
| | | from the |
| | | same primary domain count toward the 5,000 limit. |
| | | |
| | | **Sending domains:** When we calculate the 5,000-message limit, w |
| | | e count all |
| | | messages sent from the same primary domain. For example, every da |
| | | y you send |
| | | 2,500 messages from solarmora.com and 2,500 messages from |
| | | promotions.solarmora.com to personal Gmail accounts. You’re consi |
| | | dered a bulk |
| | | sender because all 5,000 messages were sent from the same primary |
| | | domain: |
| | | solarmora.com. Learn about domain name basics. |
| | | |
| | | Senders who meet the above criteria at least once are permanently |
| | | considered |
| | | bulk senders. |
| | | |
| | | Does bulk sender status expire? Can I change my sending practices |
| | | to remove my |
| | | bulk sender status? |
| | | |
| | | Bulk sender status doesn’t have an expiration date. Email senders |
| | | that have |
| | | been classified as bulk senders are permanently classified as suc |
| | | h. Changes in |
| | | email sending practices will not affect permanent bulk sender sta |
| | | tus once it’s |
| | | assigned. |
| | | |
| | | How can bulk senders make sure they’re meeting the sender guideli |
| | | nes? |
| | | |
| | | Bulk senders should use Postmaster Tools to check that their emai |
| | | l practices |
| | | are following our Email sender guidelines. To learn more, visit o |
| | | ur Email |
| | | sender requirements & Postmaster Tools FAQ. |
| | | |
| | | ## Google Workspace accounts |
| | | |
| | | Do the sender guidelines apply to messages sent to Google Workspa |
| | | ce accounts? |
| | | |
| | | The Email sender guidelines don’t apply to messages sent to Googl |
| | | e Workspace |
| | | accounts. Sender requirements and Google enforcement apply only w |
| | | hen sending |
| | | email to personal Gmail accounts. |
| | | |
| | | Do the sender guidelines apply to messages sent from Google Works |
| | | pace |
| | | accounts? |
| | | |
| | | All senders, including Google Workspace users, must meet the requ |
| | | irements in |
| | | our Email sender guidelines when sending messages to personal Gma |
| | | il accounts. |
| | | The requirements don’t apply to Google Workspace inbound and intr |
| | | a-domain |
| | | messages. |
| | | |
| | | ## Sender guidelines enforcement |
| | | |
| | | What is the timeline for enforcement of sender guidelines? |
| | | |
| | | Enforcement for bulk senders that don’t meet our Email sender gui |
| | | delines will |
| | | be gradual and progressive. |
| | | |
| | | **Bulk senders who don’t meet our sender requirements will start |
| | | getting |
| | | temporary errors with error codes on a small portion of messages |
| | | that don’t |
| | | meet the requirements**. These temporary errors help senders iden |
| | | tify email |
| | | that doesn’t meet our guidelines so senders can resolve issues th |
| | | at prevent |
| | | compliance. Email systems will typically attempt to retry sending |
| | | messages |
| | | that get temporary errors, after a short delay. |
| | | |
| | | Senders are encouraged to check their email compliance status usi |
| | | ng |
| | | _Postmaster Tools_. |
| | | |
| | | The table below describes the enforcement timeline and will be up |
| | | dated as |
| | | needed: |
| | | |
| | | Sender requirement | Enforcement |
| | | ---|--- |
| | | |
| | | SPF and DKIM authentication |
| | | |
| | | Gmail From: header impersonation |
| | | |
| | | From: header alignment |
| | | |
| | | Valid forward and reverse DNS records |
| | | |
| | | Messages formatted according RFC 5322 |
| | | |
| | | Messages sent using TLS |
| | | |
| | | | |
| | | |
| | | Temporary failures with error codes |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | Starting in April 2024, we’ll begin rejecting non-compliant traff |
| | | ic. Rejection |
| | | will be gradual and will impact non-compliant traffic only. We st |
| | | rongly |
| | | recommend senders use the temporary failure enforcement period to |
| | | make any |
| | | changes required to become compliant. |
| | | |
| | | Enforcement for these requirements will begin no earlier than Jun |
| | | e 2024: |
| | | |
| | | * DMARC record with a minimum policy of none (p=none). Learn mo |
| | | re about DMARC record values. |
| | | * One-click unsubscribe in marketing messages |
| | | * Mitigations unavailable when user-reported spam rates exceed |
| | | 0.3% or if the sender has not met the authentication or one-click |
| | | unsubscribe requirements. |
| | | |
| | | What is the timeline for enforcement on new domains? |
| | | |
| | | A new domain is defined as any domain that hasn’t sent more than |
| | | 5,000 emails |
| | | a day to personal Gmail accounts since January 1, 2024. |
| | | |
| | | While all bulk sending domains must comply with the requirements, |
| | | the |
| | | enforcement progression for new domains will be on an accelerated |
| | | timetable. |
| | | |
| | | Who does Gmail From: header spoofing enforcement apply to? |
| | | |
| | | Gmail From: header impersonation is when a sender sends a message |
| | | with a |
| | | @gmail address in the From: header but the message wasn’t sent fr |
| | | om a Gmail |
| | | server. This is a common form of email abuse by spammers and is r |
| | | eferred to as |
| | | _spoofing_. |
| | | |
| | | As described in the timeline above, bulk senders that spoof gmail |
| | | .com will |
| | | start getting notifications about temporary failures. |
| | | |
| | | What happens if senders don’t meet the requirements in the sender |
| | | guidelines? |
| | | |
| | | To ensure messages are delivered as expected, bulk senders should |
| | | comply with |
| | | our Email sender guidelines. If senders don’t meet these requirem |
| | | ents, |
| | | messages might be rejected or delivered to recipients’ spam folde |
| | | rs. |
| | | |
| | | If messages are rejected because they don’t meet the sender guide |
| | | lines, do you |
| | | send an error message or other alert? |
| | | |
| | | Yes, when messages are rejected, we send a rejection code and a r |
| | | eason for the |
| | | rejection. You can also see this information in Postmaster Tools. |
| | | |
| | | What error codes will you send? |
| | | |
| | | Temporary failure messages include error codes that indicate whic |
| | | h sender |
| | | requirement is causing the failure: |
| | | |
| | | **Error code** | **Description** |
| | | ---|--- |
| | | 4.7.23 | |
| | | |
| | | _ip-address_ The sending IP address for this message doesn’t hav |
| | | e a PTR |
| | | record, or the PTR record’s forward DNS entry doesn’t match the s |
| | | ending IP |
| | | address. To protect users from spam, your email has been temporar |
| | | ily rate |
| | | limited. |
| | | |
| | | To learn more about IP address requirements for sending to Gmail, |
| | | visit the IP |
| | | addresses section of our sender guidelines. To learn more about G |
| | | mail |
| | | requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email sender guideline |
| | | s. |
| | | |
| | | 4.7.27 | |
| | | |
| | | Your email has been rate limited because SPF authentication didn' |
| | | t pass for |
| | | this message. Gmail requires all bulk email senders to authentica |
| | | te their |
| | | email with SPF. Authentication results: SPF _domain-name_ with IP |
| | | address: |
| | | _ip-address_ = Did not pass. |
| | | |
| | | To set up SPF for your sending domains, visit Define your SPF rec |
| | | ord. To learn |
| | | more about Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email |
| | | sender |
| | | guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | 4.7.29 | |
| | | |
| | | Your email has been rate limited because this message wasn’t sent |
| | | over a TLS |
| | | connection. Gmail requires all bulk email senders to use TLS/SSL |
| | | for SMTP |
| | | connections. |
| | | |
| | | To set up TLS for email, visit TLS & SSL connections. To learn mo |
| | | re about |
| | | Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email sender gui |
| | | delines. |
| | | |
| | | 4.7.30 | |
| | | |
| | | Your email has been rate limited because DKIM authentication didn |
| | | 't pass for |
| | | this message. Gmail requires all email bulk senders to authentica |
| | | te their |
| | | email with DKIM. Authentication results: DKIM = Did not pass. |
| | | |
| | | To set up DKIM for your sending domains, visit Turn on DKIM for y |
| | | our domain. |
| | | To learn more about Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, vi |
| | | sit Email |
| | | sender guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | 4.7.31 | |
| | | |
| | | Your email has been rate limited because the sending domain doesn |
| | | ’t have a |
| | | DMARC record, or the DMARC record doesn’t specify a DMARC policy. |
| | | Gmail |
| | | requires all bulk email senders to add a DMARC record to their se |
| | | nding domain. |
| | | |
| | | To set up DMARC, visit Help prevent spoofing and spam with DMARC. |
| | | To learn |
| | | more about Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email |
| | | sender |
| | | guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | 4.7.32 | |
| | | |
| | | Your email has been rate limited because the From: header (RFC532 |
| | | 2) in this |
| | | message isn’t aligned with either the authenticated SPF or DKIM o |
| | | rganizational |
| | | domain. |
| | | |
| | | To learn more about DMARC alignment, visit Define your DMARC reco |
| | | rd. To learn |
| | | more about Gmail requirements for bulk email senders, visit Email |
| | | sender |
| | | guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | ## Spam rate |
| | | |
| | | What time range or duration is used when calculating spam rate? |
| | | |
| | | Spam rate is calculated daily. To help ensure messages are delive |
| | | red as |
| | | expected, senders should keep their spam rate below 0.1% and shou |
| | | ld prevent |
| | | spam rates from ever reaching 0.3% or higher, as described in our |
| | | Email sender |
| | | guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | What happens when sender spam rate exceeds the maximum spam rate |
| | | allowed by |
| | | the guidelines? |
| | | |
| | | To comply with the sender guidelines, keep your user-reported spa |
| | | m rate below |
| | | 0.1% and prevent it from reaching 0.3% or higher. |
| | | |
| | | The user-reported spam rate’s impact on delivery is graduated, an |
| | | d rates of |
| | | 0.3% or higher have an even greater negative impact on email inbo |
| | | x delivery. |
| | | Even today, user-reported spam rates greater than 0.1% have a neg |
| | | ative impact |
| | | on email inbox delivery for bulk senders. |
| | | |
| | | Beginning June 2024, bulk senders with a user-reported spam rate |
| | | greater than |
| | | 0.3% will be ineligible for mitigation. |
| | | |
| | | * Bulk senders remain ineligible for mitigation while user-repo |
| | | rted spam rate is greater than 0.3%. |
| | | * Spam rates and other data points are calculated and updated d |
| | | aily in Postmaster Tools. |
| | | * Bulk senders will be eligible for mitigation when their spam |
| | | rates remain below 0.3% for 7 consecutive days. |
| | | |
| | | You can monitor your spam rate with Postmaster Tools. |
| | | |
| | | ## Unsubscribe links |
| | | |
| | | Do all messages require one-click unsubscribe? |
| | | |
| | | No. One-click unsubscribe is required only for marketing and prom |
| | | otional |
| | | messages. Transactional messages are excluded from this requireme |
| | | nt. Some |
| | | examples of transactional messages are password reset messages, r |
| | | eservation |
| | | confirmations, and form submission confirmations. |
| | | |
| | | Senders that already include an unsubscribe link in their message |
| | | s have until |
| | | June 1, 2024 to implement one-click unsubscribe in all commercial |
| | | , promotional |
| | | messages. |
| | | |
| | | Why is the unsubscribe link not appearing at the top of my messag |
| | | es, even |
| | | after adding one-click unsubscribe headers? |
| | | |
| | | To protect Gmail users, unsubscribe buttons or links are displaye |
| | | d at the top |
| | | of messages (next to the sender name) only for messages that pass |
| | | Google’s |
| | | automated eligibility checks. Messages must comply with sender re |
| | | quirements |
| | | and implement correct one-click unsubscribe headers, as described |
| | | in our Email |
| | | sender guidelines, including increasing sending volumes gradually |
| | | and |
| | | monitoring recipients' spam reports. This is true even when sende |
| | | rs add their |
| | | own unsubscribe link to the message body. |
| | | |
| | | How is the distinction made between promotional and transactional |
| | | messages |
| | | |
| | | The distinction between promotional and transactional messages ca |
| | | n vary |
| | | depending on industry and applicable regulations. Message recipie |
| | | nts, not |
| | | Google, determine the nature of the messages they receive. To red |
| | | uce high spam |
| | | rates, consider giving users an easy way to unsubscribe from mark |
| | | eting and |
| | | promotional messages, and keep the user in mind when designing yo |
| | | ur emails. |
| | | |
| | | Why do you require one-click unsubscribe for marketing and promot |
| | | ional |
| | | messages? |
| | | |
| | | One-click unsubscribe lets people quickly and easily opt out of y |
| | | our marketing |
| | | or promotional messages. One-click unsubscribe also helps you mai |
| | | ntain a low |
| | | spam rate, which improves message delivery. High spam rates negat |
| | | ively affect |
| | | message delivery for any message type that you send. |
| | | |
| | | How do I implement a one-click unsubscribe that meets RFC 8058 re |
| | | quirements? |
| | | |
| | | To meet RFC 8058 requirements, add List-Unsubscribe headers to al |
| | | l outgoing |
| | | marketing and promotional messages, as described in our Email sen |
| | | der |
| | | guidelines. If you use a third-party email provider, check to see |
| | | if you have |
| | | the option to add these headers to your outgoing messages. |
| | | |
| | | List-Unsubscribe headers unsubscribe users directly by removing t |
| | | hem from the |
| | | mailing list. Other types of one-click unsubscribe, such as mailt |
| | | o and URL |
| | | unsubscribe links, don’t meet our one-click unsubscribe requireme |
| | | nt. |
| | | |
| | | What happens to messages that don’t meet the one-click subscribe |
| | | requirement |
| | | for promotional, marketing, and commercial messages? |
| | | |
| | | We don’t automatically reject messages or mark messages as spam w |
| | | hen they |
| | | don’t meet the one-click unsubscribe requirements in our Email se |
| | | nder |
| | | guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | However, unwanted messages that don’t use one-click unsubscribe a |
| | | re more |
| | | likely to be reported as spam by recipients. An increase in messa |
| | | ges marked as |
| | | spam increases the chances that future messages from the same sen |
| | | der are |
| | | delivered to spam. |
| | | |
| | | Additionally, only bulk senders that meet all the requirements in |
| | | our Email |
| | | sender guidelines, including one-click unsubscribe, are eligible |
| | | for |
| | | mitigation. |
| | | |
| | | If the List-unsubscribe: header is missing, do you check the mess |
| | | age body for |
| | | a one-click unsubscribe link? |
| | | |
| | | No. One-click unsubscribe should be implemented according to RFC |
| | | 8058, by |
| | | adding List Unsubscribe headers to outgoing promotional messages, |
| | | as described |
| | | in our Email sender guidelines. Including a mailto link in the bo |
| | | dy of your |
| | | messages doesn’t meet our one-click unsubscribe requirement. |
| | | |
| | | If I include an additional unsubscribe link in my message content |
| | | , does it |
| | | have to be a one-click unsubscribe link? |
| | | |
| | | No. If your messages include a one-click unsubscribe using List U |
| | | nsubscribe |
| | | headers, as described in our Email sender guidelines, additional |
| | | unsubscribe |
| | | links in the message body aren’t required to be one-click. Any ad |
| | | ditional |
| | | unsubscribe links in the message body can link to a preferences w |
| | | eb page that |
| | | you specify. |
| | | |
| | | When recipients use one-click unsubscribe, how long do I have to |
| | | remove them |
| | | from the mailing list? |
| | | |
| | | To reduce spam reports, protect your sending reputation, and keep |
| | | your email |
| | | lists healthy, we recommend that you fulfill unsubscribe requests |
| | | within 48 |
| | | hours, a reasonable timeline for removing recipients from a maili |
| | | ng list. |
| | | |
| | | Honoring unsubscribe requests from recipients is especially criti |
| | | cal if you |
| | | frequently send marketing messages. This results in improved emai |
| | | l delivery |
| | | and higher value for engaged people who want to get messages from |
| | | you. |
| | | |
| | | How can I prevent people from unsubscribing from all of my promot |
| | | ional |
| | | messages? |
| | | |
| | | One-click unsubscribe doesn’t automatically remove the recipient |
| | | from all |
| | | messages from the same sender. When you implement one-click unsub |
| | | scribe |
| | | according to RFC 8058, by using List Unsubscribe headers as descr |
| | | ibed in our |
| | | Email sender guidelines, the recipient can be removed only from t |
| | | he mailing |
| | | list associated with the message. One-click unsubscribe lets you |
| | | control which |
| | | mailing lists recipients are removed from. |
| | | |
| | | If you meet the one-click unsubscribe requirement, you can also i |
| | | nclude an |
| | | unsubscribe link in the message body that directs people to a mai |
| | | ling list |
| | | preferences page. Be aware that this type of link doesn’t comply |
| | | with RFC |
| | | 8058, and so using this type of link alone, without one-click uns |
| | | ubscribe |
| | | email headers, doesn’t meet the one-click unsubscribe requirement |
| | | as described |
| | | in our Email sender guidelines. |
| | | |
| | | If unsubscribe links are temporarily unavailable due to maintenan |
| | | ce or other |
| | | reasons, are messages flagged as spam? |
| | | |
| | | If your unsubscribe link isn’t working for an extended period of |
| | | time, your |
| | | messages won’t meet our one-click unsubscribe requirement. These |
| | | messages |
| | | won’t be marked as spam, but senders aren’t eligible for mitigati |
| | | on for email |
| | | delivery issues. |
| | | |
| | | Can I continue to use mailto links? |
| | | |
| | | We’ll continue to support mailto links but they don’t meet our on |
| | | e-click |
| | | unsubscribe requirement. To meet our one-click unsubscribe requir |
| | | ement, you |
| | | must use List-Unsubscribe email headers in all commercial, promot |
| | | ional |
| | | messages, as described in RFC 8058 and in our Email sender guidel |
| | | ines, and |
| | | include one HTTPS URL in the List-unsubscribe: header. |
| | | |
| | | Can a one-click unsubscribe link to a landing or preferences page |
| | | ? |
| | | |
| | | Senders should follow the specifications for one-click unsubscrib |
| | | e that are |
| | | defined in RFC 8058, and add List Unsubscribe headers to all outg |
| | | oing |
| | | promotional messages, as described in our Email sender guidelines |
| | | . |
| | | |
| | | Email admins should use RFC 8058 as the reference for implementin |
| | | g one-click |
| | | unsubscribe. One-click unsubscribe links that link to a landing o |
| | | r other type |
| | | of web page don’t comply with RFC 8058. |
| | | |
| | | ## Email authentication |
| | | |
| | | What is the DMARC alignment requirement for bulk senders? |
| | | |
| | | For messages sent directly to personal Gmail accounts, the organi |
| | | zational |
| | | domain in the sender From: header must be aligned with either the |
| | | SPF |
| | | organizational domain or the DKIM organizational domain. Although |
| | | we require |
| | | bulk senders to set up both SPF and DKIM authentication, only one |
| | | of these |
| | | needs to be aligned to meet the sender alignment requirements. |
| | | |
| | | DMARC alignment isn’t required for forwarded or mailing list mess |
| | | ages |
| | | (sometimes referred to as _indirect messages_ ), however we requi |
| | | re that these |
| | | types of messages have ARC headers. Learn more about ARC authenti |
| | | cation and |
| | | headers. |
| | | |
| | | To ensure reliable authentication, we recommend all senders fully |
| | | align DMARC |
| | | to both SPF and DKIM. It’s likely that DMARC alignment with both |
| | | SPF and DKIM |
| | | will eventually be a sender requirement. Learn more about DMARC a |
| | | lignment. |
| | | |
| | | If messages fail DMARC authentication, can they be delivered usin |
| | | g IP allow |
| | | lists or spam bypass lists? Or will these messages be quarantined |
| | | ? |
| | | |
| | | If messages fail DMARC because of authentication or alignment iss |
| | | ues, the |
| | | enforcement defined in the sending domain’s DMARC policy generall |
| | | y applies. If |
| | | the sending domain doesn’t have a DMARC policy, the messages migh |
| | | t be rejected |
| | | or sent to spam. Failing DMARC authentication is one of several f |
| | | actors that |
| | | determine whether messages are rejected, sent to spam, or deliver |
| | | ed as |
| | | expected. DMARC authentication is an important determining factor |
| | | , and so |
| | | these messages are typically handled based on the enforcement set |
| | | ting in the |
| | | sending domain’s DMARC policy. |
| | | |
| | | Learn more about DMARC policies and enforcement options. |
| | | |
| | | ## Support & escalation |
| | | |
| | | Can bulk senders get technical support for email delivery issues? |
| | | |
| | | Bulk senders that meet all requirements described in our Email se |
| | | nder |
| | | guidelinescan submit an escalation for email delivery issues. Bef |
| | | ore |
| | | contacting tech support, make sure you’re following all sender gu |
| | | idelines. |
| | | Starting in February 2024, we won’t provide mitigation for email |
| | | delivery |
| | | issues to senders that don’t meet the guidelines. For details abo |
| | | ut mitigation |
| | | requests, visit the Sender contact form. |
| | | |
| | | How do you process mitigation requests? |
| | | |
| | | Only bulk senders that meet all the requirements in our Email sen |
| | | der |
| | | guidelines, including authentication requirements, user-reported |
| | | spam-rate |
| | | requirements, and one-click unsubscribe for relevant traffic, are |
| | | eligible for |
| | | mitigation. |
| | | |
| | | ## Related topics |
| | | |
| | | Email sender guidelines |
| | | |
| | | ## Was this helpful? |
| | | |
| | | How can we improve it? |
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| | | ## Bulk email sending guidelines & tools |
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